Consultative customer-centered therapy (Client-Centered therapy) is a humanistic psychotherapy in the main representative. Humanistic psychotherapy 60 years of the 20th century the rise of a new type of psychological therapy, and its guiding ideology is emerging in the United States after World War II, the humanistic psychology. This therapy is not an outstanding leader by a school created by, but by some people with the same ideas come practice, including patient-centered therapy, existential therapy, Gestalt therapy. Humanistic therapy in the factions in order to Rogers (C ・ R ・ Roners) to create the greatest impact consultative customer-centered therapy, humanistic therapy is a major representative. Consultative customer-centered therapy that any person under normal circumstances are very positive, to make progress, and self-affirmation of the unlimited growth potential. If the person's own experience of being blocked, or the consistency of the loss of their own experience, was suppressed, conflict, people's growth potential has been weakened or impede, the performance will be difficult for the mentally ill and adaptation. If you create a good environment to enable him to normal exchanges with others, communication, they can play to his potential, to change their maladaptive behavior.
advocates consultative customer-centered therapy and the founder of Carl Rogers, born in 1902 in a peasant family in the early years,UGG boots cheap, had studied agriculture, biology, physics and theology, and later studied psychology, behaviorism contact Freudian theory and accepted psychological analysis of school training, he had as a therapist at a children guidance center for 12 years. As early as 1939, he proposed an unusual idea: know what direction should be to understand what problems are most important to understand their own experience of hiding something. New Psychotherapy, 1951, he published a
characteristics of consultative customer-centered therapy
(1) great attention to customer relations consultative consultative
not focus on customer-centered therapy treatment techniques focus only on the therapeutic relationship. Rogers said: , create a free atmosphere, so that his thoughts, feelings and there along the direction he was going -----emotions, and promote his growth, not by a psychiatrist of his own theory to counseling off and even imposed on them, but in a good environment, so that the inner world of counseling to change their customers. So called
(2) non-directive therapy
consultative customer-centered therapy advocated non-directive therapy, do not pay attention to technique, but not without skills. In addition to counseling off freely, the key lies in helping customers express their emotions as consultative. To this end, psychologists in the talks, we must continue to use techniques to stimulate the consultative meeting customer's emotions.
talks non-directive therapy techniques include:
1) consultation in some way to determine when customers express their own feelings and attitudes reflected;
2) confirmed Advisory passengers or description reflected in emotional behavior and attitudes;
3) pointed out that the theme of the dialogue, but let passengers play their part in consultative
4) confirm the conversation off the subject of consultation
5) made a very specific problem
6) discussion, explanation and treatment-related problems or provide information
7) passengers under consultation, to determine the talks situation.
experience
Rogers Rogers decades of practical work, especially in all kinds of trouble with people who have direct contact, get a lot of knowledge and accumulated a lot of experience. In short, the following points:
(1) he found in the process of getting along with others, not for a long time pretending. Such as: when they are sick, you can not pretend to normal.
(2), in his admitted imperfections, to accept other people's true feelings, he can change, along with others will be more effective more.
(3) deeper understanding of others, themselves and be more understanding of human relations will change. Rogers said he understood the various experiences of patients to improve their secondary method to become a more responsible person.
(4) the attitude with his relationship to create a safe and free atmosphere, can reduce the gap between other people, to each open their own inner world.
(5) able to accept other people's feelings, attitudes, including feelings of anger and hatred attitude can help people grow, because that is his real, vital part.
(6) He does not rush to call others to do as he wishes. That is not to create others, the more so, the more people find themselves and the changes in growth.
(7) should trust their own experience. Others may not be useful for their evaluation of good, and only his hobby. For example: Rogers is not a doctor but in doing psychotherapy, criticism and encouragement people have, you can leave it.
(8) experience is the highest authority. Rogers believes that,UGG bailey button, whether the Bible or prophecy, whether Freudian theory or other theories, either revelation or God's advice, can not beat their own direct experience.
(9) Similarly, the fact should be recognized is the real friend.
(10) Experience has shown that: People have a basic, point to a mature, constructive, self-realization and social potential trend. If you can understand the feelings of others, to recognize them as independent people have their own power, to understand more fully, the more they could give up before the deal with Mask of life, to move forward.
(11) Life is a flow process of change, none of which fixed things (including faith), should allow others to develop their own inner freedom, of his experience of life to make their own meaningful interpretation. Rogers, these life experiences and practical experience, have penetrated into the center of his customers therapy counseling theory and practice.
and other psychological treatment of the different
(1) it breaks the boundaries of previous diagnosis. Not to disease diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment, neuropathy and normal part of the object, or even mentally ill, because they do not call them patients, but called off consultation.
(2) focus only on the treatment of the environment and atmosphere, do not re-treatment techniques. Rogers said that psychological analysis of He criticized the previous psychological differentiation by his own judgments and values on others, that they unconditionally accept and hinder the patient to realize their potential.
(3) ignored the role of experts. Psychological analysis of criticism of parents - child-like behavior therapy in the doctor-patient relationship and teacher-student relationship, should not advocate giving of treatment to doctors and experts as the emergence of consultation on equal attitude towards customers, do not give specific guidance on and analysis, directed to them express their feelings.
Rogers psychopathology perspective and treatment procedures
Rogers believes that the basic organism has an innate tendency to a variety of ways to play to his potential, to promote the growth of organisms , forward, mature. Such as children learning to walk, under normal circumstances, the children fall regardless of how many times, the last can always learn to walk alone, and psychological growth as well. In a reasonable, good environment, a person can always rely on the strength of this small to large natural mature into a healthy, well functioning person, in the person's growth, adverse environmental conditions, people's This trend has been distorted and hindered the formation of conflict, people will find difficult to adapt to, the performance of odd behavior for a variety of perverse. Rogers believes that the process of growth and development of children in interaction with the environment and feel a lot of experience and to give positive or negative value, it formed itself. What can experience their own perception of their own, which is the environment, and others. According to Rogers's view, a person's self-structure consists of three parts:
(1) their own attitudes and feelings, that is, direct experience to meet their own values, experiences;
(2 ) but consistent with the values of others have been internalized as their own experience;
(3) consistent with the values of others, but has not been fully internalized as their own experience, the experience itself being distorted, contained in its structure.
of children is growing, this third part of the experience, make him feel other people's experience of evaluation and their conflict with conflict. For example: a child hit his brother was very happy, but do not meet the values of the parents being punished, and thus come to experience, This experience will make his own experience of being distorted. If you are not fully internalized into his own, he could be happy and avoid pain into conflict between two desires. In resolving these conflicts, he must change his attitude and the corresponding values. In this way, his real-life experience to be distorted, though not necessarily the experience of this distortion can clearly be realized in different ways but it still affects people's behavior. Because to be denied his true experience and accept the value consistent with the experience of others, according to Rogers, saying that people's self-structure to add a false ingredients that are not based on his true colors. Be aware of the false consciousness of the value and the true value of less than between, there is a conflict, however, should have its own integrity and consistency, if a person's true value is increasingly being borrowed from others The value to be replaced, but I also feel like their own value. In this way, that appeared within their own division, the person may feel nervous, uncomfortable. In order to prevent these threats to their own experience was the formation of consciousness to the establishment of defense mechanisms to maintain their illusion, as if wearing a mask life. At this time, more and more people can not adapt to the environment, and the emergence of worry, anxiety and all kinds of unusual behavior. This is the consultative customer-centered therapy psychopathology.
Rogers believes that the psychological pathology point of view can be applied to mental patients, neurological patients and normal people experience some trouble, they are the object of consultative customer-centered therapy. So, Rogers did not object to what he called the treatment of patients (Patient), which is called the Advisory guests (Client). Consultative customer-centered therapy can be divided into several steps, Rogers emphasized that these steps are not completely separate, but combine together.
(1) counseling customers to come to help. This treatment is an important on the premise that if Zi-off does not admit that they need help, not much hope there is some pressure to change, advice or treatment is difficult to succeed.
(2) differentiation were off to the consultative advice or treatment for that condition. Differentiation are to the other side that, for his questions, there is no definitive answer, advice or treatment simply provide a place or an atmosphere that helps counselors find some answers or off their own problems. Differentiation are to make each other understand, advice or treatment time was his own, can be disposed of, and to discuss solutions to the problem. Differentiation on the basic role of consultation is to create a conducive atmosphere of self-growth customers.
(3) to encourage free expression of emotion in consultative customer. Differentiation must be a friendly, sincere, and accept each other's attitudes, to promote each other for the emotional experience of their own free expression. Customer Advisory mostly expressed in the beginning, or vague negative feelings such as hostility, anxiety, guilt and doubt and so on. Differentiation must have the skills to master the experience of the talks to effectively promote the expression of each other.
(4) differentiation are to be able to accept, understand, clarify each other's negative emotions. This is a very difficult step is very delicate. Differentiation are accepted each other's information must do something about this reaction, but the content should not be the reaction on the surface, but should be off the inner depth of deep consultative nickel, pay attention to innuendo or implied that the other emotions, such as conflicts, hostile or inappropriate emotions. Regardless of the contents of the other party about how the shortage of saliva ridiculous or funny, and giving of treatment who should be able to accept each other's attitudes to be addressed, efforts to create an atmosphere in which the other party aware of these negative emotions is a part of their own. Sometimes, the giving of treatment are also required to clarify these feelings, but not explain their purpose is to make this a more consultative customer understanding.
(5) Beginning of consultative customer growth. When the consultation fully express their negative customer feelings, the ambiguous, tentative, positive emotions, it will continue to initiation, growth began.
(6) differentiation were positive feelings on the consultation to be customer acceptance and understanding. Expressed by customers on a consultative positive emotions, the same as their negative emotions, and giving of treatment to those who should be accepted, but not to praise or praise, or to moral evaluation. But only the consultation among the passengers in the life, there is a chance to understand their own so that their negative emotions need to take defensive measures, there is no need for positive emotions and pride. In this case, led to consultative customer insight and self-understanding of the natural situation.
(7) counseling customers start receiving your true self. As the role of social assessment, the total reaction most people have any sort of reservation, plus the value of the conditional,Discount UGG boots, people with incorrect self-concept, so often denied, distorted a number of emotions and experiences. This person's true self is a great distance. While in treatment, counseling for customers in good, can be understood and accepted among the atmosphere, there is a completely different state of mind, to have the opportunity to re-examine themselves,UGG boots, their own situation to achieve a grasp, and then to accept the truth my position. This consultative customer self-understanding and acceptance of, its further reach new levels of blending psychological basis.
(8) may help clarify the decision-off consultation and action to be taken. In the comprehension of the process, must involve a new decision and action to be taken. To this end, and giving of treatment are to help clarify the possible consultative customer choice. In addition, consultative customer at this time there are often fear and lack of courage, and dare not make a decision should have sufficient knowledge of the performance. At this time, giving of treatment or who can not force the other to give some advice.
(9) the generation of efficacy. Insight has led to some positive action to trial, this time effect is produced. Because it is his insight into customer consultation, a new understanding, and put into action, so this effect even if only momentary, is still meaningful.
(10) to further expand treatment. When the customer has been able to be understood in consultative, and try to start some positive, therapeutic counseling to help turn off the work to develop their ideas in mind, in order to achieve a deeper level, and pay attention to expand their scope of comprehension. If the consultation of their customers to achieve a more complete, more accurate self-understanding, it will have more courage to face their own experience, to experience and examine their own actions.
(11) the overall growth of customer consultation. No longer afraid of consultative customer choice, affirmative action and growth in the process, and have greater confidence in the self-directed. At this time, differentiation between those with a reference peak passengers, consultation is often offered to customers who discuss issues and differentiation.
(12) end of treatment. Customers no longer need to seek counseling are to assist those administering treatment, therapeutic relationship to end there, often counseling those customers will take a lot of time differentiation apologize. Differentiation are to be used similar to the previous step approach to clarify the feelings of acceptance and understanding of the fact that near the end of the therapeutic relationship.
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